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1. What do you think will be the most important issue that the new government must address?
The most important issues for the new government will be continuous economic growth and good governance, as well as equity issues in policy, constitutional, and legal terms. Whether they like or not, Malaysian leaders in both the ruling and opposition parties are being asked if they are ready–and able–to revisit and revise the fundamental constitutional and legal terms with regard to “ethnicity” in the post-May 2008 political context. Competitive elections are only minimal procedural conditions that any modern democratic regime has to fulfil; a more difficult task for ruling elites is to achieve a truly “democratic” polity after they win such elections. If they could not achieve it, can they at least talk about it?
2. What do you think is Barisan Nasional’s greatest strength?
BN’s greatest strength is their ability to sustain massive party machines and patronage networks in order to keep a sizable segment of elites and social groups loyal to them. Their responsiveness to various collective interests throughout these networks and the state apparatus remains another asset that has maintained both their dominance and the regime itself.
3. What do you think is Barisan Nasional’s greatest weakness?
BN’s greatest weakness is their unwillingness and inability to seriously tackle fundamental problems such as corruption and poor treatment of oppositional forces. People are more concerned about these problems than ever before. Of course, these problems are the foundations for their political dominance and survival, and it is not surprising that they are not interested in dealing with them.
4. What do you think is Pakatan Rakyat’s greatest strength?
PR’s greatest strength is charismatic leaders, most prominently Anwar Ibrahim. Another strength of PR is their ability to respect their fundamental ideological and political differences to stay together and NOT to talk about their fatal weaknesses among one another, at least not openly.
5. What do you think is Pakatan Rakyat’s greatest weakness?
PR’s greatest weakness is also their greatest strength; charismatic leaders and their families that seem to dominate party organizations, decision-making, and fundamental ideological differences among component parties. The dominance of personalities and weak ideology typically comes with organizational fragility in the long-term.
6. What is your hope for Malaysia?
My hope for Malaysia would be a peaceful transition to a political regime that Malaysian citizens could more or less agree to be “fair” and “democratic”, as well as a multi-ethnic polity and society that could transcend narrow and parochial sentiments.
Kikue Hamayotsu is Assistant Professor at Department of Political Science and Faculty Associate at the Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, USA.
New Mandala is asking Malaysians and Malaysianists worldwide their views on the two coalitions vying for power at the 13th general election in Malaysia. Their responses are published unedited.
I see the election result of the 13th Malaysian GE as an endorsement of the initial breakup of the old style politics of UMNO/BN during GE12. GE12 has certainly opened the eyes of many Malaysians to the possibility of opening up the country’s politics to move in on a new direction.
The popular vote is proof that that critical mass for change has been breached. And had it not been for an electoral system and set-up that is stacked against the Opposition, the UMNO/BN government of the day would have been toppled.
The current form of the Opposition will not be the panacea to the ills afflicting Malaysian politics and Malaysian society. But it probably presents the best combination; under the current socio-economic,religio-cultural and racial atmosphere and realities; for it to achieve a breakthrough to upend the hold the current UMNO/BN has on the politics of Malaya and thence Malaysia,since the independence of Malaysa in 1957.
Should the Opposition, even in its current form and combination, manage to finally achieve its objective of ousting a clearly diminished UMNO/BN come the next GE, it would only be a transitional one. There will be much to be shaken and simmered before Malaysians can actually see what actually lies ahead,into the 2020s and beyond. Malaysian politics remaining status-quo is not an option.
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