The Grahadi building in the mid-late 19th century by Woodbury and Page, described as “A Dutch Colonial Residence.” National Museum of Singapore Collection.

Liam Gammon - 19 Sep, 2025

About the Author
Liam Gammon
Liam Gammon is the editor of New Mandala and Research Fellow at the East Asian Bureau of Economic Research at the Australian National University (ANU), where he also sits on the editorial board of East Asia Forum. He was previously the editor of New Mandala from April 2017 to July 2019, and co-edited New Mandala's coverage of the Indonesian elections in 2014. He did his PhD, with a thesis focused on Indonesia, at the Department of Political and Social Change at the ANU.
New Mandala is supported by the Australian National University (ANU), a world-leading centre of research and teaching on Southeast Asia that has hosted the site since its founding in 2006. New Mandala's editors make editorial decisions independently of the ANU, and the views expressed at New Mandala are solely those of contributors and do not represent the institutional position(s) of the ANU or any of its constituent parts.
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In conjunction with the Myanmar Research Centre, New Mandala presents a series of articles examining Myanmar's twin crises of 2020-2021: coping with a global Coronavirus pandemic in the midst of the abrubt end to democracy in the state.