
Photo: AAP/ Daniel Hartley-Allen
Former Indonesia president could help bridge the Australia-Indonesia divide and end capital punishment.
Late last month a small workshop was held in Perth. It involved 20 influential Australians and former Indonesia president Dr Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY) who retired last October. The Constitution prohibits a president serving more than two five-year terms.
The private chat encouraged more optimism than SBY’s public speech a day later because participants believed their visitor was listening. The formal address was not a pathfinder and largely bypassed by the media.
Here was a chance to refill the tank with high-octane ideas so the coughing and spluttering vehicle carrying his nation and its neighbour into the future might find second gear. Sadly SBY missed the turn.
This is not to diminish the importance of the house-full event organised by the USAsia think tank, which has made SBY a senior fellow.
Anything said by the previous leader of the world’s third largest democracy deserves an audience. His 2010 speech to the Australian parliament as President encouraged belief that both nations could bond better. SBY scattered goodwill and we loved it, even if his past as a general in a brutal army made us feel a little queasy.
Since then much has gone sour. Australia bugged the phones of its “great friend” and his wife Kristiani – refusing to apologise for what former PM Tony Abbott called “reasonable intelligence-gathering operations.”
Australia ignored regional solution proposals for handling asylum seekers fearing corrupt authorities would make plans unworkable. It then violated territory to turn back Indonesian ferries knowing the Republic’s navy was too weak to react.
There were other insults, enough for a touchy guy to snub the island continent forever. That SBY has overlooked the contempts shows mettle – a quality Australians respect.
But while he’s scaled the high moral ground, he’s so far failed to capitalise on the achievement. It was the same in 2004 when directly elected with a majority above 60 per cent.
In those brief and blissful moments SBY had the people’s mandate to reform the judiciary, start repairing the nation’s crumbling and congested infrastructure, and reinforce the ideology of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Unity in Diversity) by respecting minority rights.
But he dithered, and the opportunities drowned two months later; a tsunami hit Aceh in North Sumatra and all energies rightly focused on recovery.
Now SBY has another chance.
He’s only 66, but already an eminence grise. He ruled for a decade without using the Army; Indonesia stayed intact while other Muslim-majority nations imploded; poverty was reduced on his watch and the economy strengthened.
He has a real doctorate, an Order of Australia and shirtfronts of international awards. He’s also a visiting professor at the University of Western Australia.
He speaks and even sings in English. Unlike his successor Joko (Jokowi) Widodo who is reported to be indifferent to foreign affairs and uncomfortable among diplomats, SBY is so cosmopolitan he probably knows the best nasi goreng in the world’s capitals.
Indonesian electors remember him as a pedestrian president, but overseas he has the gravitas absent in the current leader.
SBY used his Perth address to challenge the neighbours to rediscover each other, though news reports emphasised his comments on commerce.
Business is hugely important but canny traders don’t need a retired politician to chant the mantra that Indonesia is big and getting bigger, so more mouths to feed. Any entrepreneur unaware of this hard-set fact should start Googling Sits Vac.
If Indonesia hopes to lure more than the 265 Australian companies now in the archipelago (there are 360 in tiny Dubai, according to Trade Minister Andrew Robb) it must answer some blunt questions.
When will Indonesia develop a clear and stable policy on commodity imports? When can foreigners invest knowing disputes will be settled legally, fairly and openly? When will the corrosion of corruption be confronted with Singaporean resolve?
SBY is no longer leading man but he hasn’t left the stage. As head of the fading and graft-tainted Democratic Party he knows how the gears grind in Jakarta’s political machine.
This creates an advantage of contacts, and a problem of impartiality. Smart ex-leaders cut past ties to avoid the silent-phone curse that bedevils the power-famished, like Malaysia’s Mahathir Mohamad.
Britain’s Tony Blair became a peace envoy in the Middle East while New Zealand’s Helen Clark headed for a top UN post in New York.
Likewise an important new role awaits SBY away from Jakarta – as an international relationships guidance counsellor. Where better than with Australia where the shouting matches are a constant concern?
SBY’s Perth speech spoke of more people-to-people exchanges, particularly students. Here he can do something; Australia is willing – more than 10,000 Indonesians are enrolled in secondary and tertiary education though few Australians have found the right visas to open their tablets in Indonesian tutorials. It seems Indonesian Immigration has a touch of xenophobia.
In the private meeting SBY was told that “some of Indonesia’s smartest young people should be invited to work in Australia with tech start-ups to create innovation jointly between our two countries. Indonesia has some brilliant young minds.”
A splendid idea, with a rider: “Australians need to understand Indonesia is not an enemy but rather a potential partner.” To change that perception the Republic has to remove a serious impediment – capital punishment.
For five of SBY’s 10 years in office he kept his nation on the right side of history. When the firing squads reloaded, three of the four victims were murderers.
In April, SBY abandoned a visit to Australia after drug traffickers were executed, citing a “disturbed relationship”. Foreign Minister Julie Bishop described his words as “gracious” and evidence of disquiet among Jakarta’s elite.
So SBY has some moral authority, though tarnished, to champion abolishment. Now he needs the courage to help Indonesia join the majority of nations that have freed themselves from the evils of primitive punishment.
There’s urgency here: further shootings are promised. If these go ahead the bullets will shred more than flesh. There’ll be deep wounds to reputation and relationships.
SBY might respectfully point that out to his successor using the most refined Kromo (high-level Javanese). From his vantage point SBY can see how judicial murder demeans a government, dashes down the positives and nurtures ill-will.
Others have said this before; but the Elder Statesman’s baritone will be heard in the archipelago above any chorus of foreign human rights activists calling for – wishing for, praying for – a compassionate Indonesia.
Australian journalist and author Duncan Graham lives in East Java and writes for the Indonesian media. Read his blog here.
A well-written and reasoned commentary, that is fair to SBY and Indonesia.
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As usual from Mr Graham, a well considered and articulated piece. SBY is being underused,particularly that he is so comfortable with the West and in paricluar Australia.
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According to Wikipedia statistics, twenty people were executed during SBY’s presidency. This number includes three Bali bombers and three Catholic militants.
Assuming that these figures are correct, SBY presided over more executions than his successor has done so far. Whether he uses kromo or Jokowi’s preferred form of slangy Indonesian, SBY doesn’t appear to have any moral authority to press Jokowi for the abolition of capital punishment.
We may have to fall back after all on that wretched chorus of foreign human rights activists which this author refers to.
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For shame Duncan. Stick to Jatim. SBY had three innocents Catholics from NTT murdered for political advantage. Their ludicrous kangaroo trial saw the prosecution tell the court that an Australian sub had run aground near Poso for a week, the implication being the men had been armed by Australia. Their lawyers told them not to speak in their own defence and not to blame the Church or there would be worse repercussions for them. They were represented by the late VB Da Costa’s German funded LBH Veritas. The Poso Christian militia was instructed and led by Protestant Pendetas, TNI and POLRI retired and serving, mostly from Manado. everybody knew the three NTT men were not guilty. So did Canberra. Protestant NGOs in Poso told their US counterparts not to help the men. The men are now regarded by the Church as martyrs and books are in circulation privately. Shame on all those who perpetuate the lie of their guilt.
The real perpetrators of the Atambua UNHCR murders went untouched also, free in Indonesia and in E.Timor, because SBY covered up for them.
As for ever needing SBY, we manipulated SBY and Mere together as a ‘package’ beginning in 1999. If any readers have ever wondered why alleged war crim Guy Campos was allowed to roam around Oz, it’s because he’s Mere’s brother inlaw and we were giving medals to Mere when we still ‘needed’ him and SBY.
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Thank you. I had forgotten the appalling details of the case of the three Catholics.
Aside from SBY’s blatant lack of credibility as an advocate of the abolition of the death penalty, what are the chances that he would adopt a position that might incur some criticism?
Rivalling Soeharto for the distinction of being Indonesia’s thinnest-skinned president, SBY is probably devoted now to ensuring the best political career for his son, Ibas, This chip off the old block may have thin skin himself, as he never seems to roll up his sleeves and bare his arms in public. For SBY to take a possibly unpopular stance on capital punishment would hardly help Ibas.
Let’s forget about SBY. Those Australian commentators who have written lyrically about the former president’s good intentions towards Australia tended to overlook SBY’s failure to institutionalise such intentions. He’s gone, and there’s nobody around to put those intentions into effect.
We are now living in the era of the neo-Sukarnoist Jokowi. I don’t know how many times, if ever, he has taken advice from SBY. Jokowi’s outlook on the world is after all very different from his predecessor’s.
The current obsession with Bela Negara, including its alleged objective of recruiting one hundred million Indonesians to participate holus-bolus in the defence of the realm, reminds one more of Chairman Mao and his barefoot doctors than of SBY and his impressive collection of international awards for statesmanship and wisdom.
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Perhaps they also need SBY for another reason, a man they can do business with, like his eminent predecessor Suharto, both role models to the generals in Burma.
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You do not know much about Indonesian politics, do you? Many of us, Indonesians, see SBY’s administration as a failure. Did rampant corruption by officials subside? Did nation building and unity improve? Was sustainable economic growth retained? What about minority rights?
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