Ahmad Fuad Fanani is a PhD scholar at the Department of Political and Social Change in the Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, the Australian National University (ANU). He is also a researcher at MAARIF Institute for Culture and Humanity and a visiting lecturer at Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. His research interests are democracy, global political Islam, contestation of religious authority, contemporary Islamic political thoughts, and Islamic movements in South East Asia.