Why do you people keep on frustrating about things that really don’t matter to your life-death situation? I mean the Thais (Ok I cannot speak for all of them but at least me and LOTS of the people I know) could careless about this shit in our daily lives. Ignorance one might argue, I say yes, you’re damn right! As this kind of ignorance doesn’t make me feel any stupids as one might say or feel inferior to anybody as I have a decent job to do, a decent family to live with , a decent education, and a decent country where I’ll stay here for the rest of my life (may be not a decent English language skill).
Anyway folks, open you eyes: People are dying in Pakistan, Bush vs Iran, N.Korea and the Nuke, Clash of civilizations, etc. These things worth your academic intellectulal discussion threads as it’s the REAL thing that will affect all of you people by any means I can gaurantee. So I hope you guys can devote your logic, reasoning, intellectual skill to help the world we all have stake on , or at least help your own’s butt to survive in your daily lives. If you can’t, then shut up.
When you’re in Rome, do what the Romans do. Otherwise, just get the hell out of it.
Colonel: Bags of money from HK? Are these the bags that the police and military agreed were not for election expenses? Or have you seen another set of bags? Or are you just assuming?
In the 4-5 NE villages I visited, Phua Paendin was said to be the party dumping most money; far more than PPP (so I was told). In fact, I was in a Korat village just this morning and talking with the Phua Paendin candidate, who was elected, and he agreed that PPP didn’t dump much loot in his area. I didn’t ask him if he was vote-buying, but others claimed he was.
My impression is that people would have voted for PPP in much of the NE, paid or otherwise. They saw it as a message they wanted to send. Notable was the defeat of Suwit in Khon Kaen. He might have been pretty much a shoe-in there, but was seen as a PPP traitor.
р╕нр╕▒р╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З р╕лр╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Ир╕▓р╕Б “р╕лр╕Щр╣Йр╕▓р╣Бр╕Хр╕Б” р╕Фр╣Йр╕зр╕вр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Юр╕╣р╕Фр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ “I recall scenes of soldiers shooting at students, I recall scenes of soldiers in boots threading on semi-naked women lying prone on the ground at Thammasart.
р╣Гр╕Щр╕Вр╕Ур╕░р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Зр╕▓р╕Щр╣Ар╕Вр╕╡р╕вр╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╕Ир╕▒р╕Бр╕Бр╕▒р╕Щр╕Фр╕╡р╕Ир╕│р╕Щр╕зр╕Щр╕лр╕Щр╕╢р╣Ир╕З focus р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕кр╕нр╕З (р╣Ар╕Кр╣Ир╕Щ р╕Зр╕▓р╕Щр╕Вр╕нр╕З Ben Anderson) р╣Гр╕Щр╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З р╕ер╕│р╕Юр╕▒р╕Зр╕Др╕Щр╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Щр╕╡р╣Й р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕кр╕▓р╕бр╕▓р╕гр╕Цр╕Ир╕░р╕Ър╕╕р╕Бр╕Чр╕░р╕ер╕▓р╕вр╣Бр╕Щр╕зр╕Хр╣Йр╕▓р╕Щр╕Чр╕▓р╕Щр╕Вр╕нр╕З”р╕Юр╕зр╕Бр╣Ар╕гр╕▓”р╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Др╕Ыр╣Др╕Фр╣Й
(Yes we’re armed too, but only lightly. Or, I should say, enough to resist those largely civilian political thugs. As a leading member of our security team put it to me when we’re in jail together and I asked whether we underestimated the attacker, whether we should have prepared more arms, he said: “It’s not the problem of underestimation, but of different kind of attack [or different kind of attackers – somsak] from those we’d been facing up to then. We’re never prepared to face the heavily armed police. we only had enough fire power for the Krathing Daeng and the like”)
р╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╕Ьр╕бр╕Юр╕╣р╕Фр╣Бр╕Ър╕Ър╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Ар╕Бр╕гр╕Зр╣Гр╕Ир╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╕кр╣Ир╕зр╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣И “р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕Кр╕Ф” р╕Ьр╕бр╕бр╕▓р╕зр╣Ир╕▓ “because you are the only one with the true knowledge right? р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ
You are a better man than most if you can objectively separate the blame between the players and absolve the military of all responsiblity/complicity for Oct-76. I guess I just р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕нр╕░р╣Др╕гр╣Ар╕ер╕в but maybe I’m in good company (because you are the only one with the true knowledge right?): from wikipedia’s entry about Oct 6th (initiated by Patiwat): “The Village Scouts were closely tied to the Border Patrol Police and was under Royal patronage. Other more extreme, underground rightist movements also grew. This included the Red Gaur and Navapol, the violent arm of the ultra-right, which were organized and trained by the Internal Security Operations Command”….. “Various army-controlled radio stations claimed the students were also planning to assault the palace and Wat Bovornives, encouraging Village Scouts, Red Gaur, and Navapol to kill the “communists”….In the dawn of 6 October 1976, the rightists began to fire into the University campus using military weapons. Although the students pleaded for a ceasefire, the then police chief authorized a free fire…”
So you are an apologist for the military AND the police now? Everything must be blamed on the palace and never on anyone else, eh?
Sometimes an otherwise lucid thinker loses his objectivity due to the high conviction he holds in an idea. In my line of work I audit my own thinking processes everynow and then. Do you?
p.s. one day I might tell you the stories told to me by my uncle who rotted in jail for several years during the 70s-early 80s for being a leader of the CPT, and other stories told to me by another (even closer) immediate relative who used to sail in international regatta with a certain HRH. I am not uninformed of the events and the players, my friend.
Thanks Sango, it would be good to get some open debate going on this. Sometimes I think there is an informal rule of lèse communité in Thailand that makes academics and activists reluctant to openly debate community forestry. On the issue of security – I agree this is a key issue. But I am unconvinced that a law that prohibits agriculture in community forest areas (and that is what the people’s version of the community forest bill proposed) does anything to enhance the security of those residing (and farming!) within or near forest reserve areas.
Thanks to Roger Casas for his update on this development in Jing Hong. The “compromise” sounds encouraging, at least compared with my more pessimistic conclusion about the creation of a ‘Dai Disneyland’ in the article of mine that he refers to.
Clearly, however, there remains a divergence between the Chinese view of what they are doing and the Dai view, and the Chinese were obviously surprised by the enthusiasm of the Dai for this cultural/religious centre built on the grounds of the old palace. It would be interesting to hear from Roger what the Dai think of this new place.
Also, for more general theoretical guidance, Joy Hendry’s book ‘The Orient Strikes Back: A Global View of Cultural Display’ (2000) gives some interesting pointers on the reception of such places by insiders and outsiders.
Okay okay so they weren’t strictly Royal Thai Military ’soldiers’, but paramilitary units armed, trained, and commanded by soldiers/ex-soldiers with strong links to ISOC…. Walks like a duck, quacks like a duck…geez you say its not a duck!
Andrew’s posting raised some questions for me: is it better to have a law that allows some degree of security for some people in some areas for certain modes of forest use, or to have no CF law at all? Is the continuation of informal forest use preferable to the greater scrutiny over forest management and use that might come with a new law? My own sense is that the answers are not clear cut and ultimately will depend on specific circumstances, but I’d be interested in the views of people that know Thailand better than I do.
Wow talk about nickpicking on a choice of word in a sentence not central to the argument, which is left unrebutted save for snide, small minded comments about intelligence and navie [sic]. Okay okay so they weren’t strictly Royal Thai Military ‘soldiers’, but paramilitary units armed, trained, and commanded by soldiers/ex-soldiers with strong links to ISOC…. Walks like a duck, quacks like a duck…geez you say its not a duck!
Do I hear you say “but these guys were acting for the palace not the generals”? I hope not. We know your position re the monarchy. But you’re not an apologist for the military, are you?
Nganadeeleg, of course I don’t see HMK as the sole figure responsible for all atrocities committed in Thailand for the last 60 years that is simply ridiculous. Its the idea that whenever trouble arises, he is the only one capable or willing to fix them, as embodied in this quote: “When I say exercise control, I don’t mean controlling everything – he generally lets the children have their way and only intervenes when needed to avoid destructive harm.” It assumes benevolence and it assumes an ability to fix the problem. As many have pointed out, a father-child relationship is nothing like a country’s problems, and very certainly the King is no super-statesman. He is only a the crafty political figure pulling the strings of generals and his network monarchy; however, his longevity and influence makes him particularly vital as the keystone of the conservative/military/right wing forces. The vast contradiction and hypocrisy between his image and his actual reality is yet another thing that concentrates particular attention (and hate) towards him. You certainly would expect more from someone who claims to be a genius, a dhammaraja, a statesman, and perfectly virtuous than just petty excuses, would you?
What I mean when I talk about the right for him to rule, is merely an argument against monarchy in general. If his right to rule is based on birth alone, then he has no right to rule, for Constitutions do not make right, especially ones that are as shifty as the Thai constitution.
The military will not fall apart without the palace. I would certainly like to hear your reasons why you think it will. With or without the palace, the rivalry among generals will be as intense as ever. Sure, the rivalry game may be played very differently and possibly in a more violent fashion if there was no Bhumipol, but there is just no reason why the military as an institution will fall apart. How the Tat Ma Daw sorts out its leadership issue is probably a good example.
I must add, even with Bhumibol, the rivalries in the army are intense: remember the coup attempts against Prem, but it was also Bhumibol who played the decisive role in Prem’s victory at that time.
The military as an institution will not fall apart, but infighting will severely cripple the effectiveness of its dictatorial rule. Perhaps some soldiers might actually be democratic.
What is the possibility in this day and age of the military ruling Thailand ever again?! I’m surprised you ask this question. Who has ruled Thailand over the past 15 months? The expanded powers of the ISOC also give the military immense power going forward.
Military influence will be great, granted, but nothing like Burma. The military did not rule for the last 15 months, the bureaucracy was ruling itself, which, of course, led to drastic results. The reason the military had to appoint a ‘civilian’ government and the reason Sonthi stood down from the post of premier himself is because the Army is not desirable.
The military holds all the real cards in the game against democracy. It controls the arms, tanks, and communications + propaganda infrastructure (include all those radio & TV stations). Sep-06 just proved once again that the soldiers think they have a manifest destiny to rule the country in order to “protect” it.
I don’t deny that, but the soldiers also believe they have a manifest destiny to be the big boys, to command but not obey and to plunder the national treasury to buy toys.
Yet, the only way such a risky and selfish power grabbing move as a coup could have taken place was with the consent of the Palace (in light of the built up popularity of HMK).
I do not have a lesser of two evils argument, except, of course, you meant to say that we both see two big evils in Thailand with only a difference in ranking them. While you are absolutely correct that the military trumps the palace in the days of Pibul, but once Sarit and the Cold War took the fore, that relationship changed and the two Octobers completely changed the scene with regards to what the military can do. There will be no more Sarits or Thanoms or Pibuls, although there were still military coups. From that point, the only “strongman” of the army was the man who was previously used as an instrument by Sarit–it was this man who stood for his dictators, visited Thanom when he returned into Thailand via the monkhood and at the very least, stood by while his Village Scouts (Under Royal Patronage) and navapol massacred students.
Looking towards the future, however, the military as an institution is a greater threat than the monarchy as an institution. But looking back, I can only see two synergistic entities manipulating and advancing their own cause. One which started out stronger than the other, only to end up subservient to the other. That is the situation now and it is clear the Sept 06 coup was for the benefit of whom.
The military may hold the tanks, but can it withstand protests, civil unrest and vitally, the economic doldrums that accompany such a putsch? The military does not own factories nor do they control the livelihood of the people, and this fact will topple them, just like how the Surayud government’s popularity is very low because of their economic ineptitude. But most importantly, the military does not hold the prestige and moral authority HMK holds in the hearts and minds of the people. I emphasize that it is a personal authority, not an institutional one and I perfectly agree that the biggest institutional hindrance towards democracy in the future (after the succession) will be the military, and following closely in its heels, the conservative bureaucracy.
In addition: There is a new PhD thesis on a number of aspects of the Thai education system: Michelle Tan. 2007. “The Politics of the Decentralisation of Basic Education in Thailand.” PhD thesis, University of Leeds, School of Politics and International Studies. “Decentralisation” here refers to the competing policies of the transfer of schools to local government authorities (Decentralization Act) and the deconcentration of the education bureaucracy, i.e. education service areas and school-based management (National Education Act).
Critical and creative thinking in Thai education: Coincidentally, there was an article on the subject in the latest edition of learning post: http://www.bangkokpost.com/010108_Learningpost/01Jan2008_lern30.php
LSS: Since I am very much interested in the Thai education system, I would also be interested in reading your paper, but don’t forget to explain important terms. May I ask what the empirical basis of your study is?
Who did (most of the) the killing? I recall scenes of soldiers shooting at students, I recall scenes of soldiers in boots threading on semi-naked women lying prone on the ground at Thammasart.
It’s very sad to see such an intelligent person so ignorant of history.
There was NO SINGLE soldier “doing the killing”, “shooting at students” in Thammasat on the morning of October 6, 1976.
It’s no wonder you’re so navie about the role of the monarchy.
(Actually, when I read your #226 and 232 posts above, I did wonder. Now I can see why.)
Schwartzy, by plain language right, you better check out this mate: http://youtube.com/watch?v=L-W-vzELBt8. Remember right, this is Straya, S T R A Y A, Australia. Not like those bloody illuminati whatsits you have over there in the states.
Ganadeeeeeleg mate, what I reckon the problem is right, is that these bloody nitwits don’t know what your sayin’ cause your not sayin’ it all in one hit. You’re not bein plain with them mate. Like I get what your sayin’ mate of course, the King is sort of this fella who has all the power but he doesnt have all of it. Right? Yeah.
James, just leave the British out of it mate, they’re already in enough trouble in the Cricket as it is. You’ll hurt their feelin’s with accusing them Lords or whatever of bein’ a “meritoracassy” as well. I got my feelin’s hurt too once, wasn’t very special I can tell you. This lady right told me yellow flannel was right ugly. She wouldn’t go down to well in Thailand aye, no joke! Haha
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The King Never Smiles?
Why do you people keep on frustrating about things that really don’t matter to your life-death situation? I mean the Thais (Ok I cannot speak for all of them but at least me and LOTS of the people I know) could careless about this shit in our daily lives. Ignorance one might argue, I say yes, you’re damn right! As this kind of ignorance doesn’t make me feel any stupids as one might say or feel inferior to anybody as I have a decent job to do, a decent family to live with , a decent education, and a decent country where I’ll stay here for the rest of my life (may be not a decent English language skill).
Anyway folks, open you eyes: People are dying in Pakistan, Bush vs Iran, N.Korea and the Nuke, Clash of civilizations, etc. These things worth your academic intellectulal discussion threads as it’s the REAL thing that will affect all of you people by any means I can gaurantee. So I hope you guys can devote your logic, reasoning, intellectual skill to help the world we all have stake on , or at least help your own’s butt to survive in your daily lives. If you can’t, then shut up.
When you’re in Rome, do what the Romans do. Otherwise, just get the hell out of it.
Thailand’s coup by stealth
Colonel: Bags of money from HK? Are these the bags that the police and military agreed were not for election expenses? Or have you seen another set of bags? Or are you just assuming?
In the 4-5 NE villages I visited, Phua Paendin was said to be the party dumping most money; far more than PPP (so I was told). In fact, I was in a Korat village just this morning and talking with the Phua Paendin candidate, who was elected, and he agreed that PPP didn’t dump much loot in his area. I didn’t ask him if he was vote-buying, but others claimed he was.
My impression is that people would have voted for PPP in much of the NE, paid or otherwise. They saw it as a message they wanted to send. Notable was the defeat of Suwit in Khon Kaen. He might have been pretty much a shoe-in there, but was seen as a PPP traitor.
The King Never Smiles?
Once again, my apology for those who cannot read Thai.
р╕Ьр╕бр╕Кр╕нр╕Ър╕Щр╕▒р╕Б р╕кр╕▒р╣Ир╕Зр╕кр╕нр╕Щр╕Др╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Кр╕нр╕Ър╕нр╕зр╕Фр╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╕Фр╕▒р╕Фр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Хр╕Щр╕╡р╣Ир╣Бр╕лр╕ер╕░
р╕нр╕▒р╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З р╕лр╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Ир╕▓р╕Б “р╕лр╕Щр╣Йр╕▓р╣Бр╕Хр╕Б” р╕Фр╣Йр╕зр╕вр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Юр╕╣р╕Фр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ “I recall scenes of soldiers shooting at students, I recall scenes of soldiers in boots threading on semi-naked women lying prone on the ground at Thammasart.
р╣Бр╕ер╣Йр╕зр╕Цр╕╣р╕Бр╕Чр╕▒р╕Бр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕бр╕╡р╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕гр╣Бр╕бр╣Йр╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕Др╕Щр╣Ар╕Фр╕╡р╕вр╕зр╕Чр╕│р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕нр╕вр╣Ир╕▓р╕Зр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕зр╣Ир╕▓р╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕Кр╣Йр╕▓р╕зр╕▒р╕Щр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ (р╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╕Др╕╕р╕Ур╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕бр╕╡р╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕Ир╕│р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ “recall”) р╕Бр╣Зр╕кр╕бр╕Др╕зр╕гр╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕Др╕┤р╕Ф
р╕вр╕▒р╕Зр╕Фр╕▒р╕Щр╕Чр╕╕р╕гр╕▒р╕Зр╣Ар╕Цр╕╡р╕вр╕Зр╣Бр╕Ър╕Ър╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╕Зр╣Жр╕Др╕╣р╣Ж
(р╕Вр╣Йр╕нр╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╣Гр╕Щ wikipedia р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕вр╕Бр╕бр╕▓ р╕Щр╕нр╕Бр╕Ир╕▓р╕Бр╕бр╕╡р╕Ър╕▓р╕Зр╕Хр╕нр╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Чр╕│р╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Гр╕Ир╕Ьр╕┤р╕Фр╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╣Бр╕ер╣Йр╕з – р╣Ар╕Бр╕╡р╣Ир╕вр╕зр╕Бр╕▒р╕Ър╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕нр╕Щр╕╕р╕Нр╕▓р╕Хр╕┤р╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╕вр╕┤р╕Зр╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕Вр╕нр╕З р╕нр╕Хр╕г.р╕ир╕гр╕╡р╕кр╕╕р╕В – р╕вр╕▒р╕Зр╣Бр╕кр╕Фр╕Зр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╕Др╕Щр╕вр╕Бр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Гр╕Ир╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕Зр╣Гр╕Щр╕Вр╕Ур╕░р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щр╣Вр╕Фр╕вр╕Чр╕▒р╣Ир╕зр╣Др╕Ы р╣Бр╕ер╕░р╕Бр╕гр╕Ур╕╡ 6 р╣Вр╕Фр╕вр╣Ар╕Йр╕Юр╕▓р╕░ р╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Зр╣Ж р╣Бр╕ер╕░р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕кр╕│р╕Др╕▒р╕Н р╕кр╣Ир╕зр╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕вр╕Бр╕бр╕▓ р╣Гр╕Кр╣Йр╕кр╕Щр╕▒р╕Ър╕кр╕Щр╕╕р╕Щр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕З “р╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г” р╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Др╕╕р╕Ур╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕Хр╕гр╕Зр╣Др╕лр╕Щр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕Чр╕гр╕▓р╕Ъ?)
р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╣Ар╕Фр╣Зр╕Щр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╕Бр╕нр╕Зр╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕нр╕░р╣Др╕гр╕Др╕╖р╕нр╕Бр╕нр╕Зр╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Др╕Ыр╕Жр╣Ир╕▓р╕лр╕бр╕╣р╣Ир╣Гр╕Щр╕Шр╕гр╕гр╕бр╕ир╕▓р╕кр╕Хр╕гр╣Мр╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕Кр╣Йр╕▓р╕зр╕▒р╕Щр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ р╣Бр╕ер╕░р╕Бр╕нр╕Зр╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Фр╕▒р╕Зр╕Бр╕ер╣Ир╕▓р╕з р╕бр╕╡р╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕кр╕▒р╕бр╕Юр╕▒р╕Щр╕Шр╣М р╕лр╕гр╕╖р╕нр╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╕ар╕▓р╕вр╣Гр╕Хр╣Йр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Ър╕▒р╕Нр╕Кр╕▓р╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╣Гр╕Фр╣Гр╕Щр╕лр╕бр╕╣р╣Ир╕Кр╕Щр╕Кр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щр╕Ыр╕Бр╕Др╕гр╕нр╕Зр╕Вр╕Ур╕░р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ р╕Бр╣Ир╕нр╕Щр╕нр╕╖р╣Ир╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕кр╕╕р╕Ф р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щ р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╣Ар╕Фр╣Зр╕Щр╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕Кр╕┤р╕З р╕Вр╣Йр╕нр╣Ар╕Чр╣Зр╕Ир╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З
р╕Цр╣Йр╕▓р╕Вр╣Йр╕нр╣Ар╕кр╕Щр╕нр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Ьр╕б р╕Хр╕гр╕Зр╕Бр╕▒р╕Ър╕Вр╣Йр╕нр╣Ар╕Чр╣Зр╕Ир╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З р╕Бр╣Зр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕Ир╕│р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Хр╣Йр╕нр╕Зр╕Юр╕╣р╕Фр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕З “lose objectivity” р╣Гр╕Фр╣Жр╕Чр╕▒р╣Йр╕Зр╕кр╕┤р╣Йр╕Щ
р╣Гр╕Щр╕Чр╕▓р╕Зр╕Бр╕ер╕▒р╕Ър╕Бр╕▒р╕Щ р╕Цр╣Йр╕▓р╣Гр╕Др╕гр╕Юр╕╣р╕Фр╕нр╕░р╣Др╕гр╣Бр╕Ър╕Ър╕бр╕▒р╣Ир╕зр╣Жр╕бр╕▓ р╣Вр╕Фр╕вр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╕Вр╣Йр╕нр╣Ар╕Чр╣Зр╕Ир╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З р╕Щр╕▒р╣Ир╕Щр╣Бр╕лр╕ер╕░р╕кр╕░р╕Чр╣Йр╕нр╕Щр╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╣Ар╕лр╣Зр╕Щр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕кр╕╣р╕Нр╣Ар╕кр╕╡р╕в objectivity р╕лр╕гр╕╖р╕нр╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕Фр╕▒р╕Фр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Х р╕Фр╕╖р╣Йр╕нр╕Фр╣Йр╕▓р╕Щ р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕вр╕нр╕бр╕гр╕▒р╕Ър╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З р╣Вр╕Фр╕вр╣Бр╕Чр╣Й
р╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Ър╕╕р╕Бр╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Др╕Ыр╣Гр╕Щр╕Шр╕гр╕гр╕бр╕ир╕▓р╕кр╕Хр╕гр╣Мр╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕Кр╣Йр╕▓р╕зр╕▒р╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣И 6 р╕Хр╕╕р╕ер╕▓ р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕Бр╕нр╕Ър╕Фр╣Йр╕зр╕в 2 р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╣Ар╕ар╕Ч р╕Др╕╖р╕н (1) р╣Ар╕Ир╣Йр╕▓р╕лр╕Щр╣Йр╕▓р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕Др╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╣Бр╕Ър╕Ър╕Хр╕┤р╕Фр╕нр╕▓р╕зр╕╕р╕Ш (armed uniformed officers) р╣Бр╕ер╕░ (2) р╕кр╕бр╕▓р╕Кр╕┤р╕Бр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╣Бр╕Бр╣Кр╕Зр╕Др╣Мр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕З р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕кр╕│р╕Др╕▒р╕Нр╕Др╕╖р╕н р╕ер╕╣р╕Бр╣Ар╕кр╕╖р╕нр╕Кр╕▓р╕зр╕Ър╣Йр╕▓р╕Щ р╣Бр╕ер╕░ р╕Бр╕гр╕░р╕Чр╕┤р╕Зр╣Бр╕Фр╕З
р╣Гр╕Щр╕Вр╕Ур╕░р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Зр╕▓р╕Щр╣Ар╕Вр╕╡р╕вр╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╕Ир╕▒р╕Бр╕Бр╕▒р╕Щр╕Фр╕╡р╕Ир╕│р╕Щр╕зр╕Щр╕лр╕Щр╕╢р╣Ир╕З focus р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕кр╕нр╕З (р╣Ар╕Кр╣Ир╕Щ р╕Зр╕▓р╕Щр╕Вр╕нр╕З Ben Anderson) р╣Гр╕Щр╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З р╕ер╕│р╕Юр╕▒р╕Зр╕Др╕Щр╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Щр╕╡р╣Й р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕кр╕▓р╕бр╕▓р╕гр╕Цр╕Ир╕░р╕Ър╕╕р╕Бр╕Чр╕░р╕ер╕▓р╕вр╣Бр╕Щр╕зр╕Хр╣Йр╕▓р╕Щр╕Чр╕▓р╕Щр╕Вр╕нр╕З”р╕Юр╕зр╕Бр╣Ар╕гр╕▓”р╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Др╕Ыр╣Др╕Фр╣Й
(Yes we’re armed too, but only lightly. Or, I should say, enough to resist those largely civilian political thugs. As a leading member of our security team put it to me when we’re in jail together and I asked whether we underestimated the attacker, whether we should have prepared more arms, he said: “It’s not the problem of underestimation, but of different kind of attack [or different kind of attackers – somsak] from those we’d been facing up to then. We’re never prepared to face the heavily armed police. we only had enough fire power for the Krathing Daeng and the like”)
р╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Хр╕▒р╕зр╕Кр╕╡р╣Йр╕Вр╕▓р╕Фр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Зр╣Ж р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Чр╕│р╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╣Ар╕Бр╕┤р╕Фр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Жр╕▓р╕Хр╕гр╕Бр╕гр╕гр╕бр╕лр╕бр╕╣р╣Ир╣Др╕Фр╣Й р╕Др╕╖р╕нр╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╣Бр╕гр╕Б
р╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╣Бр╕гр╕Б р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Ьр╕бр╣Ар╕гр╕╡р╕вр╕Бр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ armed uniformed officers р╕Др╕╖р╕нр╣Гр╕Др╕гр╕Ър╣Йр╕▓р╕З?
р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Бр╕Щр╣Ир╕Щр╕нр╕Щ (р╣Бр╕ер╕░р╕бр╕╡р╕Щр╕▒р╕вр╕вр╕░р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Ир╕░р╕Бр╕ер╣Ир╕▓р╕зр╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╕Зр╕лр╕Щр╣Йр╕▓) р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Гр╕Кр╣Ир╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕Др╕╖р╕нр╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕З 3 р╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕б р╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Хр╕│р╕гр╕зр╕И (р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Гр╕Хр╣Йр╕Ър╕▒р╕Нр╕Кр╕▓р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Вр╕нр╕З р╕нр╕Шр╕┤р╕Ър╕Фр╕╡р╕Хр╕│р╕гр╕зр╕И) р╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╣Бр╕Бр╣И
р╕Б. р╕Хр╕│р╕гр╕зр╕Ир╕Юр╕ер╕гр╣Ир╕б р╕Хр╕░р╣Ар╕зр╕Щр╕Кр╕▓р╕вр╣Бр╕Фр╕Щ р╕Ир╕▓р╕Бр╕Др╣Ир╕▓р╕вр╕лр╕▒р╕зр╕лр╕┤р╕Щ
р╕В. р╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Хр╕│р╕гр╕зр╕Ир╕Др╕нр╕бр╕бр╕▓р╕Щр╣Вр╕Ф р╕ар╕▓р╕вр╣Гр╕Хр╣Йр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Щр╕│р╕Вр╕нр╕З р╕кр╕ер╣Йр╕▓р╕З р╕Ър╕╕р╕Щр╕Щр╕▓р╕Д
р╕Д. р╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Хр╕│р╕гр╕зр╕Ир╕Щр╕Др╕гр╕Ър╕▓р╕е р╕ар╕▓р╕вр╣Гр╕Хр╣Йр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Щр╕│р╕Вр╕нр╕З р╕Кр╕╕р╕бр╕Юр╕е р╣Вр╕ер╕лр╕░р╕Кр╕▓р╕ер╕░
р╕Чр╕▒р╣Йр╕З 3 р╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Щр╕╡р╣Й р╕ер╣Йр╕зр╕Щр╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Гр╕Хр╣Йр╕Ър╕▒р╕Нр╕Кр╕▓р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Др╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Гр╕Бр╕ер╣Йр╕Кр╕┤р╕Фр╕Бр╕▒р╕Ър╕зр╕▒р╕З р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Гр╕Кр╣Ир╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г
р╕Кр╕╕р╕бр╕Юр╕е р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕лр╕Щр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╣Гр╕Щ р╕Др╕гр╕б.р╕Кр╕╕р╕Ф “р╕Юр╕гр╕░р╕гр╕▓р╕Кр╕Чр╕▓р╕Щ” р╕кр╕▒р╕Нр╕Нр╕▓ р╕Шр╕гр╕гр╕бр╕ир╕▒р╕Бр╕Фр╕┤р╣М р╣Ар╕Вр╕▓р╕Цр╕╣р╕Бр╕Хр╕▒р╣Йр╕З “р╕Бр╕гр╕░р╣Вр╕Фр╕Ф” р╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╕б р╕Ир╕▓р╕Б р╕Ьр╕К.р╕нр╕Хр╕г.р╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щ р╕гр╕бр╕К.р╕бр╕Ч. р╕Лр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╣Ар╕Чр╣Ир╕▓р╕Бр╕▒р╕Ъ р╕Бр╕ер╕▓р╕вр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щ “р╕Щр╕▓р╕в” р╕Вр╕нр╕З “р╕Щр╕▓р╕вр╕Хр╕▒р╕зр╣Ар╕нр╕З” р╕лр╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Ир╕▓р╕Бр╕лр╕бр╕Фр╕кр╕бр╕▒р╕вр╕кр╕▒р╕Нр╕Нр╕▓ р╕Бр╣Зр╕Бр╕ер╕▒р╕Ър╣Др╕Ыр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щ р╕Ьр╕К.р╕нр╕Хр╕г.р╕нр╕вр╣Ир╕▓р╕Зр╣Ар╕Фр╕┤р╕б (р╣Бр╕ер╕░р╕Цр╣Йр╕▓р╕Ьр╕бр╕Ир╕│р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕Ьр╕┤р╕Ф р╕Кр╕╕р╕бр╕Юр╕ер╣Ар╕Др╕вр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щ badminton playing partner р╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╣Гр╕Щр╕лр╕ер╕зр╕Зр╕Фр╣Йр╕зр╕вр╕Лр╣Йр╕│р╣Гр╕Щр╕кр╕бр╕▒р╕вр╕лр╕Щр╕╢р╣Ир╕З)
р╕кр╕ер╣Йр╕▓р╕З р╕Ьр╕бр╣Ар╕Кр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕кр╕бр╕▓р╕Кр╕┤р╕Бр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Щр╕зр╕Юр╕е (р╕Фр╕╣р╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╕Зр╕лр╕Щр╣Йр╕▓) р╣Бр╕ер╕░р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕кр╕│р╕Др╕▒р╕Н р╕Бр╕┤р╕Ир╕Бр╕гр╕гр╕бр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕кр╕ер╣Йр╕▓р╕Зр╣Гр╕Щр╕Кр╣Ир╕зр╕Зр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕Бр╕╡р╣Ир╕зр╕▒р╕Щр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ р╣Бр╕кр╕Фр╕Зр╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╣Ар╕лр╣Зр╕Щр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╣Ар╕Вр╕▓р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Ар╕Юр╕╡р╕вр╕Зр╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Гр╕Кр╣Ир╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Гр╕Щр╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Гр╕Щр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Ър╕▒р╕Нр╕Кр╕▓р╕Вр╕нр╕З “р╣Ар╕Ир╣Йр╕▓р╕Щр╕▓р╕в” р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Чр╕▓р╕Зр╕Бр╕▓р╕г р╕Др╕╖р╕н р╕нр╕Хр╕г. р╕Фр╣Йр╕зр╕вр╕Лр╣Йр╕│
р╕кр╣Ир╕зр╕Щ р╕Хр╕Кр╕Ф.р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ р╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Гр╕Хр╣Йр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Щр╕│р╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Др╕Щр╕нр╕вр╣Ир╕▓р╕З р╕кр╕бр╕Др╕зр╕г р╕лр╕гр╕┤р╕Бр╕╕р╕е (р╕Ьр╕╣р╣Йр╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╕Бр╕│р╣Ар╕Щр╕┤р╕Фр╕ер╕╣р╕Бр╣Ар╕кр╕╖р╕нр╕Кр╕▓р╕зр╕Ър╣Йр╕▓р╕Щ) р╣Бр╕ер╕░ р╣Ар╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Нр╕др╕Чр╕Шр╕┤р╣М р╕Ир╕│р╕гр╕▒р╕кр╣Вр╕гр╕бр╕гр╕▒р╕Щ р╕Чр╕▒р╣Йр╕Зр╕кр╕нр╕Зр╕Др╕Щр╕Щр╕╡р╣Й р╣Бр╕ер╕░р╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕З р╕Хр╕Кр╕Ф.р╣Вр╕Фр╕вр╕Чр╕▒р╣Ир╕зр╣Др╕Ы р╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕Бр╕ер╕▓р╕вр╕бр╕▓р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щ “р╣Бр╕Вр╕Щр╕Вр╕▓р╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕зр╕▒р╕З” р╕лр╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Ир╕▓р╕Б р╕кр╕др╕йр╕Фр╕┤р╣М р╣Бр╕вр╕Бр╕кр╕ер╕▓р╕вр╕бр╕▓р╕Ир╕▓р╕Б р╣Ар╕Ьр╣Ир╕▓
р╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕Юр╕зр╕Бр╕Щр╕╡р╣Й р╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З р╕Ьр╕бр╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕Щр╕│р╣Ар╕кр╕Щр╕нр╕нр╕вр╣Ир╕▓р╕Зр╕вр╕▓р╕зр╕Хр╕▒р╣Йр╕Зр╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╣Ир╕н 5-6 р╕Ыр╕╡ р╕Бр╣Ир╕нр╕Щ р╣Гр╕Др╕гр╕кр╕Щр╣Гр╕Ир╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╕Фр╕╣р╕Ър╕Чр╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╣Гр╕Щр╕лр╕Щр╕▒р╕Зр╕кр╕╖р╕н “р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕зр╕▒р╕Хр╕┤р╕ир╕▓р╕кр╕Хр╕гр╣Мр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Юр╕┤р╣Ир╕Зр╕кр╕гр╣Йр╕▓р╕З” р╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Ьр╕б
р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕ер╕Зр╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕Ыр╕Пр╕┤р╕Ър╕▒р╕Хр╕┤р╕Вр╕нр╕З 3 р╕Бр╕нр╕Зр╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Щр╕╡р╣Й р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕гр╕▒р╕Ър╕Др╕│р╕кр╕▒р╣Ир╕Зр╕Ир╕▓р╕Бр╕гр╕▒р╕Рр╕Ър╕▓р╕е р╕лр╕гр╕╖р╕н р╕Ир╕▓р╕Б р╕нр╕Шр╕┤р╕Ър╕Фр╕╡р╕Бр╕гр╕бр╕Хр╕│р╕гр╕зр╕И (р╕Фр╕╣р╕гр╕▓р╕вр╕ер╕░р╣Ар╕нр╕╡р╕вр╕Фр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕кр╕▒р╕бр╕ар╕▓р╕йр╕Ур╣М р╕ир╕гр╕╡р╕кр╕╕р╕В р╕лр╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╣Ар╕лр╕Хр╕╕р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Ур╣М р╣Ар╕лр╣Зр╕Щр╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕Кр╕▒р╕Фр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╕ир╕гр╕╡р╕кр╕╕р╕В “р╕бр╕▓р╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╣Ар╕Бр╕┤р╕Фр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╣Др╕Ыр╣Бр╕ер╣Йр╕з” р╣Бр╕ер╕░р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Гр╕лр╣Й “р╣Др╕Яр╣Ар╕Вр╕╡р╕вр╕з” р╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕ир╕гр╕╡р╕кр╕╕р╕В р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╣Ар╕Юр╕╡р╕вр╕Зр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕З “р╕Хр╕гр╕▓р╕вр╕▓р╕З” р╣Ар╕Чр╣Ир╕▓р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ)
р╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╕Ьр╕бр╕вр╣Йр╕нр╕Щр╕Бр╕ер╕▒р╕Ър╣Др╕Ыр╕Чр╕╡р╣И р╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕З р╕Бр╕гр╕░р╕Чр╕┤р╕Зр╣Бр╕Фр╕З р╕Щр╕зр╕Юр╕е р╕ер╕╣р╕Бр╣Ар╕кр╕╖р╕нр╕Кр╕▓р╕зр╕Ър╣Йр╕▓р╕Щ р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕вр╕Бр╕бр╕▓р╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╕Зр╕Хр╣Йр╕Щр╣Ар╕ер╣Зр╕Бр╕Щр╣Йр╕нр╕вр╕Бр╣Зр╕вр╕▒р╕Зр╣Др╕Фр╣Й р╕ер╕╣р╕Бр╣Ар╕кр╕╖р╕нр╕Кр╕▓р╕зр╕Ър╣Йр╕▓р╕Щ р╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Гр╕Хр╣Йр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Ър╕▒р╕Нр╕Кр╕▓р╕Вр╕нр╕З р╕Хр╕Кр╕Ф. р╕Лр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╕Фр╕▒р╕Зр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Бр╕ер╣Ир╕▓р╕зр╣Др╕зр╣Йр╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╕Зр╕Ър╕Щр╣Бр╕ер╣Йр╕з р╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Гр╕Щр╣Бр╕зр╕Фр╕зр╕Зр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕зр╕▒р╕З р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Гр╕Кр╣Ир╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╕Щр╕зр╕Юр╕е р╣Бр╕бр╣Йр╕Ир╕░р╕Хр╕▒р╣Йр╕Зр╣Вр╕Фр╕вр╕Др╕│р╕кр╕▒р╣Ир╕З р╕Бр╕н.р╕гр╕бр╕Щ. р╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕Др╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Чр╕│р╕лр╕Щр╣Йр╕▓р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Фр╕╣р╣Бр╕ер╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З р╕Др╕╖р╕н р╕кр╕│р╕гр╕▓р╕Н р╣Бр╕Юр╕Чр╕вр╕Бр╕╕р╕е р╕Лр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Хр╕▒р╣Йр╕Зр╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕Кр╣Ир╕зр╕З 14 р╕Хр╕╕р╕ер╕▓ р╕Бр╣Зр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Гр╕Щр╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Цр╕Щр╕нр╕б-р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕ар╕▓р╕к р╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Гр╕Бр╕ер╣Йр╕Кр╕┤р╕Фр╕Бр╕▒р╕Ър╕зр╕▒р╕З р╕лр╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╣Ар╕Бр╕йр╕╡р╕вр╕Ур╕нр╕▓р╕вр╕╕ р╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕гр╕▒р╕Ър╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕Зр╕Хр╕▒р╣Йр╕Зр╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щ р╕нр╕Зр╕Др╕бр╕Щр╕Хр╕гр╕╡)
р╕Чр╕╡р╕Щр╕╡р╣Й р╕Ыр╕▒р╕Нр╕лр╕▓р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Гр╕Ир╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╣Гр╕Др╕гр╕Др╕╖р╕нр╕Др╕Щр╕Ър╕╕р╕Бр╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Др╕Ыр╣Гр╕Щр╕Шр╕гр╕гр╕бр╕ир╕▓р╕кр╕Хр╕гр╣М р╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕Кр╣Йр╕▓р╕зр╕▒р╕Щр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ р╣Ар╕Бр╕╡р╣Ир╕вр╕зр╕Юр╕▒р╕Щр╕Цр╕╢р╕Зр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Гр╕Ир╣Ар╕Бр╕╡р╣Ир╕вр╕зр╕Бр╕▒р╕Ър╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕Зр╣Др╕Чр╕вр╣Гр╕Щр╕зр╕Зр╕Бр╕зр╣Йр╕▓р╕Зр╕Вр╕Ур╕░р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ (р╣Бр╕ер╕░р╕Ър╕Чр╕Ър╕▓р╕Чр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕зр╕▒р╕З р╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╣Ар╕Ыр╕гр╕╡р╕вр╕Ър╣Ар╕Чр╕╡р╕вр╕Ър╕Бр╕▒р╕Ъ р╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╕Лр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╣Ар╕Фр╣Зр╕Щр╣Ар╕гр╕┤р╣Ир╕бр╕Хр╣Йр╕Щр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Ар╕Вр╕╡р╕вр╕Щр╕Щр╕╡р╣Й)
р╕Фр╕╣р╕Ир╕Фр╕лр╕бр╕▓р╕вр╕кр╕╕р╕гр╕┤р╕Щр╕Чр╕гр╣М р╕бр╕▓р╕ир╕Фр╕┤р╕йр╕Цр╣М
р╕Фр╕╣р╕Вр╣Йр╕нр╣Ар╕Чр╣Зр╕Ир╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З р╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕Бр╕нр╕Зр╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Хр╕┤р╕Фр╕нр╕▓р╕зр╕╕р╕Шр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Бр╕ер╣Ир╕▓р╕зр╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╕Зр╕Хр╣Йр╕Щ
р╕Фр╕╣р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕кр╕Зр╕▒р╕Ф р╕Кр╕ер╕нр╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╕бр╕▓р╣Ар╕Ыр╕┤р╕Фр╣Ар╕Ьр╕вр╕ар╕▓р╕вр╕лр╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ “р╕нр╕╡р╕Бр╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕лр╕Щр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╣Ар╕Хр╕гр╕╡р╕вр╕бр╕вр╕╢р╕Фр╕нр╕│р╕Щр╕▓р╕Ир╕Хр╕нр╕Щ 2 р╕Чр╕╕р╣Ир╕б” (р╕Фр╕╣р╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╕Зр╕ер╣Ир╕▓р╕Зр╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕Бр╕нр╕Ъ)
р╣Бр╕ер╕░р╕Юр╕вр╕▓р╕вр╕▓р╕бр╕ир╕╢р╕Бр╕йр╕▓р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕Зр╣Гр╕Щр╕Кр╣Ир╕зр╕Зр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щр╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╕Фр╕╡р╣Ж (р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕бр╕╡р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╣Вр╕вр╕Кр╕Щр╣Мр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕Чр╕╡р╣И “р╕Чр╕┤р╣Йр╕З” р╕Др╕│р╕Др╕╕р╕вр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╕Ир╕▒р╕Бр╣Гр╕Др╕гр╕Хр╣Ир╕нр╣Гр╕Др╕гр╣Др╕зр╣Й)
р╕Бр╕ер╣Ир╕▓р╕зр╕нр╕вр╣Ир╕▓р╕Зр╕кр╕гр╕╕р╕Ыр╕кр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щр╣Ж р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Бр╕╡р╣Ир╕вр╕зр╕Юр╕▒р╕Щр╕Цр╕╢р╕З 6 р╕Хр╕╕р╕ер╕▓ р╣Бр╕ер╕░р╕Ър╕Чр╕Ър╕▓р╕Чр╕Вр╕нр╕З р╕зр╕▒р╕З / р╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕лр╕Хр╕╕р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Ур╣Мр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ :
(1) р╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Хр╕┤р╕Фр╕нр╕▓р╕зр╕╕р╕Шр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Др╕Ыр╕Ыр╕Пр╕┤р╕Ър╕▒р╕Хр╕┤р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Жр╕▓р╕Хр╕Бр╕гр╕гр╕бр╣Гр╕Щр╕Шр╕гр╕гр╕бр╕ир╕▓р╕кр╕Хр╕гр╣М р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Бр╕нр╕Зр╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╣Гр╕Щр╣Бр╕зр╕Фр╕зр╕Зр╕Вр╕нр╕З р╕зр╕▒р╕З р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Гр╕Кр╣Ир╕Вр╕нр╕З faction р╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г
(р╕Цр╣Йр╕▓р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Гр╕Ир╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕Щр╕╡р╣Й р╕Ир╕░р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Гр╕Ир╣Ар╕ер╕вр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╕Чр╕│р╣Др╕б р╣Ар╕лр╕Хр╕╕р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Ур╣Мр╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕Кр╣Йр╕▓р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ р╕Ир╕╢р╕Зр╕Хр╣Ир╕▓р╕Зр╕Бр╕▒р╕Ър╕Бр╕гр╕Ур╕╡ 14 р╣Ир╕Хр╕╕р╕ер╕▓ р╕лр╕гр╕╖р╕н 17 р╕Юр╕др╕йр╕ар╕▓ р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕гр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕лр╕ер╕▒р╕Бр╣Гр╕Щр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Ыр╕гр╕▓р╕Ър╕Ыр╕гр╕▓р╕б… р╣Бр╕бр╣Йр╣Бр╕Хр╣И 14 р╕Хр╕╕р╕ер╕▓ р╣Ар╕нр╕З р╣Ар╕лр╕Хр╕╕р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Ур╣Мр╕Чр╕╡р╣И р╕кр╕зр╕Щр╕Ир╕┤р╕Хр╕г р╕Лр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╕бр╕╡р╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕Хр╕│р╕гр╕зр╕И р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Гр╕Кр╣Ир╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╕Бр╣Зр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕кр╕┤р╣Ир╕Зр╕Ър╕нр╕Бр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕гр╕▒р╕Ър╕Ьр╕┤р╕Фр╕Кр╕нр╕Ър╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕зр╕▒р╕З р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Чр╕│р╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╣Ар╕Бр╕┤р╕Фр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Ыр╕░р╕Чр╕░ р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Гр╕Кр╣Ир╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г – р╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕Щр╕╡р╣Йр╕бр╕╡р╕гр╕▓р╕вр╕ер╕░р╣Ар╕нр╕╡р╕вр╕Фр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Ьр╕бр╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕нр╕Шр╕┤р╕Ър╕▓р╕вр╣Др╕зр╣Йр╣Гр╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕нр╕╖р╣Ир╕Щ)
(2) р╕Вр╕Ур╕░р╣Ар╕Фр╕╡р╕вр╕зр╕Бр╕▒р╕Щ р╕Юр╕зр╕Бр╕Щр╕╡р╣Й р╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕Кр╣Йр╕▓р╕зр╕▒р╕Щр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ р╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Юр╕▒р╕Щр╕Шр╕бр╕┤р╕Хр╕г р╕Бр╕▒р╕Ър╕Юр╕зр╕Бр╕Кр╕▓р╕Хр╕┤р╣Др╕Чр╕в р╕Лр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╕Вр╕Ур╕░р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Ьр╕╣р╣Йр╕Бр╕╕р╕бр╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Бр╕нр╕Зр╕Чр╕▒р╕Юр╣Вр╕Фр╕вр╕Хр╕гр╕З р╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕бр╕╡ р╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕гр╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕лр╕Щр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Кр╕▓р╕Хр╕┤р╣Др╕Чр╕в р╕бр╕╡р╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕кр╕▒р╕бр╕Юр╕▒р╕Щр╕Шр╣Мр╕Фр╣Йр╕зр╕в р╕Др╕╖р╕н р╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Вр╕нр╕З р╕Йр╕ер╕▓р╕Ф р╕лр╕┤р╕гр╕▒р╕Нр╕ир╕┤р╕гр╕┤ (р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕бр╕▓р╕У р╕нр╕Фр╕┤р╣Ар╕гр╕Бр╕кр╕▓р╕г р╕Хр╕▒р╣Йр╕Зр╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щ р╕Ьр╕К.р╕Ьр╕Ъ.р╕Чр╕Ъ. р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щ “р╕гр╕░р╣Ар╕Ър╕┤р╕Фр╣Ар╕зр╕ер╕▓” р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Хр╕нр╕Щ р╕Ыр╕Кр╕Ы.р╕Вр╕╢р╣Йр╕Щр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щ р╕гр╕▒р╕Рр╕Ър╕▓р╕е р╕Хр╣Йр╕нр╕Зр╕бр╕▓ “р╕Цр╕нр╕Фр╕Кр╕Щр╕зр╕Щ”) р╕Щр╕╡р╣Ир╕Др╕╖р╕нр╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕б р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕кр╕Зр╕▒р╕Ф р╕гр╕░р╕Ър╕╕р╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╣Ар╕Хр╕гр╕╡р╕вр╕бр╕зр╕▓р╕Зр╣Бр╕Ьр╕Щр╕Ир╕░р╕вр╕╢р╕Фр╕нр╕│р╕Щр╕▓р╕И “р╕Хр╕нр╕Щ 2 р╕Чр╕╕р╣Ир╕б р╕Др╕╖р╕Щр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ” р╕Бр╕ер╣Ир╕бр╕Вр╕нр╕З р╕кр╕Зр╕▒р╕Ф р╕Кр╕ер╕нр╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣И р╕Ир╕╢р╕Зр╕Кр╕┤р╕Зр╕вр╕╢р╕Фр╕Бр╣Ир╕нр╕Щр╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╣Ир╕н 6 р╣Вр╕бр╕Зр╣Ар╕вр╣Зр╕Щ р╕Др╕Щр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Юр╕зр╕Бр╕Щр╕╡р╣Й (р╕зр╕▒р╕З+р╕Кр╕▓р╕Хр╕┤р╣Др╕Чр╕в) 3 р╕Др╕Щ р╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╣Бр╕Бр╣И р╕Кр╕▓р╕Хр╕┤р╕Кр╕▓р╕в-р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕бр╕▓р╕У-р╣Ар╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Нр╕др╕Чр╕Шр╕┤р╣М р╕Др╕╖р╕нр╕Др╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Др╕Ыр╣Гр╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕Кр╕╕р╕б р╕Др╕гр╕б. р╣Ар╕кр╕Щр╕нр╣Гр╕лр╣Й “р╕Ър╕Фр╕Вр╕вр╕╡р╣Й” р╕Щр╕▒р╕Бр╕ир╕╢р╕Бр╕йр╕▓
(3) р╣Гр╕Щр╕Вр╕Ур╕░р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Др╕Щр╣Гр╕Щр╕Вр╣Йр╕н 1 р╣Бр╕ер╕░ 2 р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Ьр╕╣р╣Йр╕Кр╣Ир╕зр╕Зр╕Кр╕┤р╕З р╕Чр╕│р╕Бр╕▓р╕г “р╕Ър╕Фр╕Вр╕вр╕╡р╣Й” р╕Щр╕▒р╕Бр╕ир╕╢р╕Бр╕йр╕▓р╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Зр╣Жр╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕Кр╣Йр╕▓р╕зр╕▒р╕Щр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ р╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Чр╕│ р╕гр╕Ыр╕л.р╕вр╕╢р╕Фр╕нр╕│р╕Щр╕▓р╕Ир╣Др╕Ыр╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Зр╣Ж р╣Гр╕Щр╕Кр╣Ир╕зр╕Зр╣Ар╕вр╣Зр╕Щ р╕Бр╕ер╕▒р╕Ър╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╕Ир╕▒р╕Бр╕Бр╕▒р╕Щр╣Гр╕Щр╕Щр╕▓р╕б “р╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕кр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕кр╕▓р╣Ар╕Чр╣Ар╕зр╕ир╕гр╣М” р╕Др╕╖р╕н р╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕кр╕╖р╕Ър╕Хр╣Ир╕нр╕бр╕▓р╕Ир╕▓р╕Б р╕кр╕др╕йр╕Фр╕┤р╣М-р╕Цр╕Щр╕нр╕б-р╕Бр╕др╕йр╕Ур╣М р╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕Вр╕Ур╕░р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ р╕бр╕╡р╕Ьр╕╕р╣Йр╕Щр╕│р╕Др╕╖р╕н р╕Ър╕╕р╕Нр╕Кр╕▒р╕в-р╣Ар╕кр╕гр╕┤р╕б-р╣Ар╕Ыр╕гр╕б-р╣Ар╕Бр╕гр╕╡р╕вр╕Зр╕ир╕▒р╕Бр╕Фр╕┤р╣М)
р╕лр╕ер╕▒р╕З р╕гр╕Ыр╕л. р╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Чр╕╡р╣И (3) р╕Ир╕╢р╕Зр╕гр╕╡р╕Ър╕Чр╕│р╕Бр╕▓р╕г “р╕Ыр╕ер╕Ф” р╕Йр╕ер╕▓р╕Ф р╕лр╕┤р╕гр╕▒р╕Нр╕ир╕┤р╕гр╕┤ р╣Вр╕Фр╕вр╕Фр╣Ир╕зр╕Щ р╕Йр╕ер╕▓р╕Ф р╕Хр╣Йр╕нр╕З “р╣Др╕Ыр╕Ър╕зр╕К” (р╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╣Гр╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕кр╕╕р╕Ф р╕Бр╣Зр╕Бр╕ер╕▒р╕Ър╕бр╕▓р╕Юр╕вр╕▓р╕вр╕▓р╕бр╕Чр╕│ р╕гр╕Ыр╕л.р╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╣Ир╕н 26 р╕бр╕╡р╕Щр╕▓р╕Др╕б 2520)
р╕Цр╕╢р╕Зр╕Ыр╕╡ 2518-2519 р╕Кр╕Щр╕Кр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щр╕Ыр╕Бр╕Др╕гр╕нр╕Зр╕Чр╕╕р╕Бр╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕б р╕Чр╕╕р╕Б faction р╕Хр╣Йр╕нр╕Зр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Ир╕░ crush р╕Вр╕Ър╕зр╕Щр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Щр╕▒р╕Бр╕ир╕╢р╕Бр╕йр╕▓ р╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕Др╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Кр╣Ир╕зр╕Зр╕Кр╕┤р╕Зр╕ер╕Зр╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕Чр╕│р╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Зр╣Жр╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕Кр╣Йр╕▓р╕зр╕▒р╕Щр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ р╕Др╕╖р╕н р╕Бр╕ер╕╕р╣Ир╕бр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Гр╕Щ “р╣Бр╕зр╕Фр╕зр╕З р╕Вр╕нр╕З р╕зр╕▒р╕З”
р╕Щр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Вр╣Йр╕нр╣Ар╕Чр╣Зр╕Ир╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕нр╕▓р╕Ир╕Ыр╕Пр╕┤р╣Ар╕кр╕Шр╣Др╕Фр╣Й р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕вр╕Бр╕Бр╕гр╕Ур╕╡ 6 р╣Ир╕Хр╕╕р╕ер╕▓р╕Вр╕╢р╣Йр╕Щр╕бр╕▓ р╣Ар╕Юр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Ър╕нр╕Бр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Хр╕▒р╕зр╕нр╕вр╣Ир╕▓р╕Зр╣Бр╕кр╕Фр╕Зр╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╣Ар╕лр╣Зр╕Щр╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕кр╕│р╕Др╕▒р╕Нр╕бр╕▓р╕Бр╕Бр╕зр╣Ир╕▓р╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╣Ар╕Ыр╕гр╕╡р╕вр╕Ър╣Ар╕Чр╕╡р╕вр╕Ър╕Бр╕▒р╕Ъ р╕зр╕▒р╕З р╕Ир╕╢р╕Зр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╣Ар╕Юр╕╡р╕вр╕Зр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Бр╕кр╕Фр╕Зр╕ар╕╣р╕бр╕┤р╣Бр╕Ър╕Ър╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕З
р╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╕Ьр╕бр╕Юр╕╣р╕Фр╣Бр╕Ър╕Ър╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Ар╕Бр╕гр╕Зр╣Гр╕Ир╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╕кр╣Ир╕зр╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣И “р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕Кр╕Ф” р╕Ьр╕бр╕бр╕▓р╕зр╣Ир╕▓ “because you are the only one with the true knowledge right? р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ
р╕Ьр╕бр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕З 6 р╕Хр╕╕р╕ер╕▓ р╕Др╕Щр╣Ар╕Фр╕╡р╕вр╕зр╣Бр╕Щр╣Ир╣Ж р╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕Щр╣Ир╕▓р╕Ир╕░ р╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╕бр╕▓р╕Бр╕Бр╕зр╣Ир╕▓р╕Др╕╕р╕Ур╣Ар╕вр╕нр╕░р╕бр╕▓р╕Бр╣Жр╣Жр╕Др╕гр╕▒р╕Ъ
(р╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕нр╕╖р╣Ир╕Щр╣Жр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Бр╕╡р╣Ир╕вр╕зр╕Бр╕Ър╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕Зр╣Гр╕Щр╕лр╕бр╕╣р╣Ир╕Кр╕Щр╕Кр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щр╕Ыр╕Бр╕Др╕гр╕нр╕З р╕Кр╣Ир╕зр╕Зр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ р╕Ьр╕бр╕Бр╣Зр╣Ар╕Кр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕зр╣Ир╕▓р╕Др╕Зр╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╣Ар╕вр╕нр╕░р╕Бр╕зр╣Ир╕▓р╕Др╕╕р╕Ур╕бр╕▓р╕Б р╣Вр╕Фр╕вр╕Ьр╕бр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕Ир╕│р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Хр╣Йр╕нр╕Зр╕бр╕╡р╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕кр╕▒р╕бр╕Юр╕▒р╕Щр╕Шр╣Мр╣Гр╕Бр╕ер╣Йр╕Кр╕┤р╕Фр╕Бр╕▒р╕Ъ “р╕кр╕лр╕▓р╕вр╕Щр╕│” р╕лр╕гр╕╖р╕н “р╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╕гр╕▓р╕Кр╕Ър╕гр╕┤р╕Юр╕▓р╕г” р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Др╕лр╕Щр╕Фр╣Йр╕зр╕вр╕Др╕гр╕▒р╕Ъ)
Royal funerary rites
Siamese State Ceremonies is available as a Google book and readers could look up the relevant chapter there (Chapter XI and XII).
Thailand’s coup by stealth
All they have to do was behave . . . but they won’t. Thaksin’s money men were all over Esan country . . . bags of cash directly from Hongkong.
The King Never Smiles?
Mai pen rai. Phom arn pasa Thai dai mae phom bpen khon dudjarit.
“р╣Гр╕Др╕гр╕Др╕╖р╕нр╕Др╕Щр╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Др╕Ыр╕Жр╣Ир╕▓ р╕Щр╕и. р╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╕лр╕гр╕╖р╕н р╕Юр╕зр╕Бр╕нр╕╖р╣Ир╕Щ р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╣Ар╕Фр╣Зр╕Щр╕кр╕│р╕Др╕▒р╕Н”
You are a better man than most if you can objectively separate the blame between the players and absolve the military of all responsiblity/complicity for Oct-76. I guess I just р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕нр╕░р╣Др╕гр╣Ар╕ер╕в but maybe I’m in good company (because you are the only one with the true knowledge right?): from wikipedia’s entry about Oct 6th (initiated by Patiwat): “The Village Scouts were closely tied to the Border Patrol Police and was under Royal patronage. Other more extreme, underground rightist movements also grew. This included the Red Gaur and Navapol, the violent arm of the ultra-right, which were organized and trained by the Internal Security Operations Command”….. “Various army-controlled radio stations claimed the students were also planning to assault the palace and Wat Bovornives, encouraging Village Scouts, Red Gaur, and Navapol to kill the “communists”….In the dawn of 6 October 1976, the rightists began to fire into the University campus using military weapons. Although the students pleaded for a ceasefire, the then police chief authorized a free fire…”
So you are an apologist for the military AND the police now? Everything must be blamed on the palace and never on anyone else, eh?
Sometimes an otherwise lucid thinker loses his objectivity due to the high conviction he holds in an idea. In my line of work I audit my own thinking processes everynow and then. Do you?
p.s. one day I might tell you the stories told to me by my uncle who rotted in jail for several years during the 70s-early 80s for being a leader of the CPT, and other stories told to me by another (even closer) immediate relative who used to sail in international regatta with a certain HRH. I am not uninformed of the events and the players, my friend.
The community forest cul-de-sac
Thanks Sango, it would be good to get some open debate going on this. Sometimes I think there is an informal rule of lèse communité in Thailand that makes academics and activists reluctant to openly debate community forestry. On the issue of security – I agree this is a key issue. But I am unconvinced that a law that prohibits agriculture in community forest areas (and that is what the people’s version of the community forest bill proposed) does anything to enhance the security of those residing (and farming!) within or near forest reserve areas.
Wat Luang Sipsongpanna
Thanks to Roger Casas for his update on this development in Jing Hong. The “compromise” sounds encouraging, at least compared with my more pessimistic conclusion about the creation of a ‘Dai Disneyland’ in the article of mine that he refers to.
Clearly, however, there remains a divergence between the Chinese view of what they are doing and the Dai view, and the Chinese were obviously surprised by the enthusiasm of the Dai for this cultural/religious centre built on the grounds of the old palace. It would be interesting to hear from Roger what the Dai think of this new place.
Also, for more general theoretical guidance, Joy Hendry’s book ‘The Orient Strikes Back: A Global View of Cultural Display’ (2000) gives some interesting pointers on the reception of such places by insiders and outsiders.
The King Never Smiles?
р╕Вр╕нр╕нр╕ар╕▒р╕в р╕Ьр╕бр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕бр╕╡р╣Ар╕зр╕ер╕▓ р╣Ар╕Вр╕╡р╕вр╕Щр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕ар╕▓р╕йр╕▓р╕нр╕▒р╕Зр╕Бр╕др╕й
р╕Др╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╕Ьр╕бр╣Ар╕Бр╕ер╕╡р╕вр╕Фр╕бр╕▓р╕Бр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕кр╕╕р╕Ф р╕Др╕╖р╕нр╕Юр╕зр╕Бр╕Фр╕╡р╕Фр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Х р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Др╕┤р╕Фр╕зр╣Ир╕▓р╕Хр╕▒р╕зр╣Ар╕нр╕Зр╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╕нр╕░р╣Др╕гр╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Зр╣Жр╣Бр╕ер╣Йр╕зр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╣Ар╕ер╕в
Okay okay so they weren’t strictly Royal Thai Military ’soldiers’, but paramilitary units armed, trained, and commanded by soldiers/ex-soldiers with strong links to ISOC…. Walks like a duck, quacks like a duck…geez you say its not a duck!
р╕Ьр╕┤р╕Ф р╕Ьр╕┤р╕Ф р╣Бр╕ер╕░ р╕Ьр╕┤р╕Ф
р╕Др╕╕р╕Ур╣Ар╕нр╕З р╕нр╣Йр╕▓р╕Зр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕З 6 р╕Хр╕╕р╕ер╕▓ р╕Вр╕╢р╣Йр╕Щр╕бр╕▓ р╣Ар╕Юр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕кр╕Щр╕▒р╕Ър╕кр╕Щр╕╕р╕Щ argument р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕зр╣Ир╕▓ military р╕кр╕│р╕Др╕▒р╕Нр╕Бр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ monarchy р╣Бр╕ер╣Йр╕зр╕Бр╣Зр╕вр╕Бр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕З р╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╕Чр╕│р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Жр╣Ир╕▓ р╕Щр╕и. р╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕Кр╣Йр╕▓р╕зр╕▒р╕Щр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ р╕Ьр╕бр╕Бр╣Зр╕Кр╕╡р╣Йр╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╣Ар╕лр╣Зр╕Щр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╕Хр╕▒р╕зр╕нр╕вр╣Ир╕▓р╕З 6 р╕Хр╕╕р╕ер╕▓ р╣Гр╕Кр╣Йр╕кр╕Щр╕Ър╕кр╕Щр╕╕р╕Щ argument р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Др╕Фр╣Й р╣Ар╕Юр╕гр╕▓р╕░ р╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Зр╣Жр╣Бр╕ер╣Йр╕з р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕бр╕╡р╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕гр╣Бр╕бр╣Йр╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕Др╕Щр╣Ар╕Фр╕╡р╕вр╕зр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Чр╕│р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Шр╕гр╕гр╕бр╕ир╕▓р╕кр╕Хр╕гр╣М р╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕Кр╣Йр╕▓р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щ
р╕Др╕╕р╕Ур╕Бр╣Зр╕вр╕▒р╕Зр╕Фр╕▒р╕Фр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Х р╕Чр╕│р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕нр╕зр╕Фр╕гр╕╣р╣Й р╕Юр╕╣р╕Фр╕нр╕░р╣Др╕гр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Ьр╕┤р╕Фр╣Жр╕нр╕нр╕Бр╕бр╕▓р╕нр╕╡р╕Б
р╣Гр╕Др╕гр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕Фр╕▒р╕Фр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Х р╣Бр╕ер╕░р╣Гр╕Кр╣Йр╣Ар╕зр╕ер╕▓р╕ир╕╢р╕Бр╕йр╕▓р╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕З 6 р╕Хр╕╕р╕ер╕▓ р╕Ър╣Йр╕▓р╕З р╕Бр╣Зр╕Хр╣Йр╕нр╕Зр╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╣Ар╕Фр╣Зр╕Щр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╣Гр╕Др╕гр╕Др╕╖р╕нр╕Др╕Щр╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Др╕Ыр╕Жр╣Ир╕▓ р╕Щр╕и. р╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╕лр╕гр╕╖р╕н р╕Юр╕зр╕Бр╕нр╕╖р╣Ир╕Щ р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╣Ар╕Фр╣Зр╕Щр╕кр╕│р╕Др╕▒р╕Н (р╕Др╕╕р╕Ур╣Ар╕нр╕З р╕Бр╣Зр╕вр╕▒р╕Зр╕нр╣Йр╕▓р╕Зр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╣Гр╕Щ 6 р╣Ир╕Хр╕╕р╕ер╕▓ р╣Ар╕Юр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╣Ар╕нр╕▓р╕бр╕▓р╕кр╕Щр╕▒р╕Ър╕кр╕Щр╕╕р╕Щ р╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕кр╕│р╕Др╕▒р╕Нр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г)
р╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Зр╕Др╕╖р╕н р╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Хр╕┤р╕Фр╕нр╕▓р╕зр╕╕р╕Шр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Вр╣Йр╕▓р╣Др╕Ыр╕Жр╣Ир╕▓ р╕Щр╕▒р╕Бр╕ир╕╢р╕Бр╕йр╕▓ р╕Чр╕╡р╣И р╕Шр╕гр╕гр╕бр╕ир╕▓р╕кр╕Хр╕гр╣М р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Гр╕Кр╣И р╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г р╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Бр╕│р╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Др╕зр╕Ър╕Др╕╕р╕бр╣Вр╕Фр╕в palace (р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Гр╕Кр╣И р╕Бр╕н.р╕гр╕бр╕Щ. р╕нр╕░р╣Др╕гр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕▓р╕Фр╣Йр╕зр╕в) р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╣Вр╕вр╕Др╕Чр╣Йр╕▓р╕вр╣Ж р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Вр╕╡р╕вр╕Щр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ I hope not р╣Бр╕кр╕Фр╕Зр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕нр╕░р╣Др╕гр╣Ар╕ер╕в р╕Хр╕Кр╕Ф.р╕Юр╕ер╕гр╣Ир╕б р╕Юр╕┤р╣Ар╕ир╕й р╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Гр╕Щр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Др╕зр╕Ър╕Др╕╕р╕бр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Чр╕лр╕▓р╕г (р╕Хр╕│р╕гр╕зр╕Ир╕Др╕нр╕бр╕бр╕▓р╕Щр╣Вр╕Ф р╕Бр╣Зр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Гр╕Кр╣И)
р╕Бр╣Ир╕нр╕Щр╕Ир╕░р╕Фр╕╡р╕Фр╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Хр╕Юр╕╣р╕Фр╕нр╕░р╣Др╕гр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕Щр╕╡р╣Й р╕лр╕▒р╕Фр╕ир╕╢р╕Бр╕йр╕▓р╣Ар╕кр╕╡р╕вр╕Бр╣Ир╕нр╕Щр╕Др╕гр╕▒р╕Ъ
The community forest cul-de-sac
Andrew’s posting raised some questions for me: is it better to have a law that allows some degree of security for some people in some areas for certain modes of forest use, or to have no CF law at all? Is the continuation of informal forest use preferable to the greater scrutiny over forest management and use that might come with a new law? My own sense is that the answers are not clear cut and ultimately will depend on specific circumstances, but I’d be interested in the views of people that know Thailand better than I do.
The King Never Smiles?
Wow talk about nickpicking on a choice of word in a sentence not central to the argument, which is left unrebutted save for snide, small minded comments about intelligence and navie [sic]. Okay okay so they weren’t strictly Royal Thai Military ‘soldiers’, but paramilitary units armed, trained, and commanded by soldiers/ex-soldiers with strong links to ISOC…. Walks like a duck, quacks like a duck…geez you say its not a duck!
Do I hear you say “but these guys were acting for the palace not the generals”? I hope not. We know your position re the monarchy. But you’re not an apologist for the military, are you?
Using wisdom to see reality
Nganadeeleg, of course I don’t see HMK as the sole figure responsible for all atrocities committed in Thailand for the last 60 years that is simply ridiculous. Its the idea that whenever trouble arises, he is the only one capable or willing to fix them, as embodied in this quote: “When I say exercise control, I don’t mean controlling everything – he generally lets the children have their way and only intervenes when needed to avoid destructive harm.” It assumes benevolence and it assumes an ability to fix the problem. As many have pointed out, a father-child relationship is nothing like a country’s problems, and very certainly the King is no super-statesman. He is only a the crafty political figure pulling the strings of generals and his network monarchy; however, his longevity and influence makes him particularly vital as the keystone of the conservative/military/right wing forces. The vast contradiction and hypocrisy between his image and his actual reality is yet another thing that concentrates particular attention (and hate) towards him. You certainly would expect more from someone who claims to be a genius, a dhammaraja, a statesman, and perfectly virtuous than just petty excuses, would you?
What I mean when I talk about the right for him to rule, is merely an argument against monarchy in general. If his right to rule is based on birth alone, then he has no right to rule, for Constitutions do not make right, especially ones that are as shifty as the Thai constitution.
The King Never Smiles?
I must add, even with Bhumibol, the rivalries in the army are intense: remember the coup attempts against Prem, but it was also Bhumibol who played the decisive role in Prem’s victory at that time.
The military as an institution will not fall apart, but infighting will severely cripple the effectiveness of its dictatorial rule. Perhaps some soldiers might actually be democratic.
The King Never Smiles?
Military influence will be great, granted, but nothing like Burma. The military did not rule for the last 15 months, the bureaucracy was ruling itself, which, of course, led to drastic results. The reason the military had to appoint a ‘civilian’ government and the reason Sonthi stood down from the post of premier himself is because the Army is not desirable.
I don’t deny that, but the soldiers also believe they have a manifest destiny to be the big boys, to command but not obey and to plunder the national treasury to buy toys.
Yet, the only way such a risky and selfish power grabbing move as a coup could have taken place was with the consent of the Palace (in light of the built up popularity of HMK).
I do not have a lesser of two evils argument, except, of course, you meant to say that we both see two big evils in Thailand with only a difference in ranking them. While you are absolutely correct that the military trumps the palace in the days of Pibul, but once Sarit and the Cold War took the fore, that relationship changed and the two Octobers completely changed the scene with regards to what the military can do. There will be no more Sarits or Thanoms or Pibuls, although there were still military coups. From that point, the only “strongman” of the army was the man who was previously used as an instrument by Sarit–it was this man who stood for his dictators, visited Thanom when he returned into Thailand via the monkhood and at the very least, stood by while his Village Scouts (Under Royal Patronage) and navapol massacred students.
Looking towards the future, however, the military as an institution is a greater threat than the monarchy as an institution. But looking back, I can only see two synergistic entities manipulating and advancing their own cause. One which started out stronger than the other, only to end up subservient to the other. That is the situation now and it is clear the Sept 06 coup was for the benefit of whom.
The military may hold the tanks, but can it withstand protests, civil unrest and vitally, the economic doldrums that accompany such a putsch? The military does not own factories nor do they control the livelihood of the people, and this fact will topple them, just like how the Surayud government’s popularity is very low because of their economic ineptitude. But most importantly, the military does not hold the prestige and moral authority HMK holds in the hearts and minds of the people. I emphasize that it is a personal authority, not an institutional one and I perfectly agree that the biggest institutional hindrance towards democracy in the future (after the succession) will be the military, and following closely in its heels, the conservative bureaucracy.
Thai election comment from around the blogs
The military cabal had over a year to prove corruption charges against Chinnawatra. Where is their evidence?
Using wisdom to see reality
In addition: There is a new PhD thesis on a number of aspects of the Thai education system: Michelle Tan. 2007. “The Politics of the Decentralisation of Basic Education in Thailand.” PhD thesis, University of Leeds, School of Politics and International Studies. “Decentralisation” here refers to the competing policies of the transfer of schools to local government authorities (Decentralization Act) and the deconcentration of the education bureaucracy, i.e. education service areas and school-based management (National Education Act).
Using wisdom to see reality
Critical and creative thinking in Thai education: Coincidentally, there was an article on the subject in the latest edition of learning post:
http://www.bangkokpost.com/010108_Learningpost/01Jan2008_lern30.php
LSS: Since I am very much interested in the Thai education system, I would also be interested in reading your paper, but don’t forget to explain important terms. May I ask what the empirical basis of your study is?
The King Never Smiles?
Taxi Driver writes:
Who did (most of the) the killing? I recall scenes of soldiers shooting at students, I recall scenes of soldiers in boots threading on semi-naked women lying prone on the ground at Thammasart.
It’s very sad to see such an intelligent person so ignorant of history.
There was NO SINGLE soldier “doing the killing”, “shooting at students” in Thammasat on the morning of October 6, 1976.
It’s no wonder you’re so navie about the role of the monarchy.
(Actually, when I read your #226 and 232 posts above, I did wonder. Now I can see why.)
Using wisdom to see reality
Schwartzy, by plain language right, you better check out this mate: http://youtube.com/watch?v=L-W-vzELBt8. Remember right, this is Straya, S T R A Y A, Australia. Not like those bloody illuminati whatsits you have over there in the states.
Ganadeeeeeleg mate, what I reckon the problem is right, is that these bloody nitwits don’t know what your sayin’ cause your not sayin’ it all in one hit. You’re not bein plain with them mate. Like I get what your sayin’ mate of course, the King is sort of this fella who has all the power but he doesnt have all of it. Right? Yeah.
James, just leave the British out of it mate, they’re already in enough trouble in the Cricket as it is. You’ll hurt their feelin’s with accusing them Lords or whatever of bein’ a “meritoracassy” as well. I got my feelin’s hurt too once, wasn’t very special I can tell you. This lady right told me yellow flannel was right ugly. She wouldn’t go down to well in Thailand aye, no joke! Haha
Thanks lads,
Poiter.
Thailand’s coup by stealth
Answer: probably a bit of both, but probably more of the first.